Clc certificate что это

Регистрация судов под флаг (рефлагация)

Наша Компания предлагает услуги по регистрации морских судов и судов смешанного (река-море) плавания, а также катеров и яхт (маломерные и парусные суда), под удобными (открытыми) флагами самых известных и популярных морских судовых реестров мира.

Регистрация судна под флаг (рефлагация судна или смена флага судна) – это процедура технической экспертизы и освидетельствования судна с целью замены (выдачи) судовых конвенционных свидетельств, выданных ранее старой администрацией флага, на конвенционные свидетельства, выдаваемые новой администрацией флага.

Основные типы и этапы регистрации судна:
— Перевод судна из-под другого флага (Full Registration)
— Бербоутная регистрация (Bareboat-In or Bareboat-Out)

Наша компания является официальным Морским Регистратором (Maritime Registrar) судов и яхт под следующие флаги:
Сент-Китс и Невис (St.Kitts&Nevis)
Белиз (Belize)
Палау (Palau)
Либерия (Liberia)
Люксембург (Luxembourg)
Мадейра (Madeira)
Маршалловы Острова (Republic of the Marshall Islands)

Мы предоставляем услуги по регистрации судов, выдаче судовых конвенционных свидетельств от имени:

Saint Kitts & Nevis International Ship Registry (SKANReg)
International Merchant Marine Registry of Belize (IMMARBE)
Palau International Ship Registry (PISR)
Liberian International Ship & Corporate Registry (LISCR)
Luxembourg Ship Registry
International Shipping Registry of Madeira (RIN-MAR)
Marshall Islands International Registries, Inc. (IRI)

Мы осуществляем оформление и выдачу следующих судовых документов:

Кроме того, мы предлагаем оформление и выдачу всех необходимых сертификатов для моряков.

Наша компания выдаёт следующие сертификаты для моряков (STCW Matrix):

Мы обеспечиваем оперативный сервис и гарантируем выдачу сертификатов для моряков в течении 24 часов. Сертификаты на моряков выдаются в нашем офисе или направляются Вам на указанный почтовый адрес.

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A Basic and Simple Guide of Civil Liability Convention 92

Let me tell you a story.

A ship loaded a cargo of crude oil from Mina-Al-Ahmadi and was bound for Wales. On the way, it got aground outside territorial waters of any country.

119000 T of crude oil spilled and found its way on the coastal waters of two countries, UK and France. Millions of Dollars were spent for clean up operation.

Apart from the money required for clean up operation, there were number of people who lost their source of income.

For example, fishermen could no more go for fishing. People who earn their living from tourism, were also hit by this incident.

Apart from all this there is damage to the ecology which no one can measure in monetary values.

Now even if ship owner had to pay the money, the money may be so big that a ship owner could loose entire business because of one incident.

In fact the story I told you above is the real story of the vessel “Torrey Canyon”.

CLC convention was the result of the incident of grounding and oil pollution of the vessel “Torrey Canyon“.

And there have been many incidents of oil pollution before and after Torrey Canyon.

Let us see how CLC convention is helping to solve the problem of paying for the damages and at the same time not burdening the ship owners.

CLC convention

CLC convention first came into existence in 1969 and was called CLC 69. This convention was later amended in 1992. CLC 92 was amended in the year 2000 to increase the amount of compensation. We will discuss the latest amended convention i.e. amended CLC 1992.

CLC is the short form for “International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage”.

As the name suggests, it is the convention that determines the liability of the parties in case of oil pollution damages.

CLC convention can be summarised in four points

These four points summarises the whole CLC 92 convention in brief. Let us now discuss this convention in little detail.

The applicability of any convention is the most important thing. After all if a convention is not applicable in some situation then all other articles of the convention would not apply.

This is the reason that the article detailing the application of a convention is one of the initial article of any convention.

So let us see when and how CLC convention apply.

Type of oil

Persistent oils, as the name suggest are the one that persists longer in the environment. Whereas Non-persistent oils either evaporate easily or disperse easily.

The pollution from persistant oil is more serious when compared to non-persistant oils. Persistant oils require more resources and money for clean up operation.

So the CLC convention applies to the pollution of persistent oils.

For example in July 2011, an abandoned oil tanker was found an aground in Mumbai’s Juhu beach. The vessel was abandoned near to Oman. The ship had drifted and got aground in Mumbai’s Juhu beach.

Indian authorities filed a claim of 1.8 Millions US dollars for the various works like towage and removal of oil.

The claim was rejected because the oil carried by the ship during previous voyage was MGO which is non-persistant oil.

Area of application

The area to which CLC convention would apply is covered under annex II of the convention. The CLC convention applies to any pollution incident that occurred either in the

The CLC 92 does not cover the pollution incidents in the high seas. High seas pollutions were not included in the CLC convention because the pollution in high seas were considered to cause lesser damages.

Damages because of pollution incident

Even though the CLC convention deals with the pollution incidents, damage can be much more than the pollution itself.

The compensation and liability of the owner of the polluting ship does not limit to the pollution alone.

Damages include physical injury, psychological conditions and loss of income resulting from the pollution. CLC convention covers the expenses for all of these damages.

2. Who need to pay in case of pollution incident

Oil pollution incidents are costly affairs. It requires great amount of money to clean oil spills and somebody need to pay for it.

As I said, one of the principle of the CLC convention is that ship owner is liable for pollutions from their ships. And as such, in most of the cases it would be ship owner who need to pay for it.

In any case, as per article III, para 4, no claim can be made against

So it does not matter if the ship is on bareboat charter or is being handled by a ship management company, the claim can only be made against the owner of the ship.

3. How much ship owner need to pay in case of a pollution incident

Let us talk about the money part of the CLC convention. We can talk about the money part by talking about how much ship owner would pay in case of a pollution incident.

This can be covered in 3 situations

1. Ship owners need not pay anything if he proves that

While the first point may not be difficult to prove, other two points are more difficult to prove. This means that ship owners have hardly any exception to the liability. In almost all the cases of oil pollution, ship owners need to pay the money.

2. Ship owner need to pay the full amount whatever damages are claimed by various claimants if it is proved that

For example if the ship was trading with an expired trading certificate, ship owner would need to pay for the all the damages.

3. If a ship owner do not fall in above two categories, his liability in any one pollution incident would be limited to

The answer lies in the principle of shipping business. If there is no limit of liability on ship owner, they need to pay for more insurance. Because of this, they would charge more freight and thus oil price would be higher.

Limit on ship owner’s liability brings a balance between paying for the damages and not over-burdening the ship owners.

4. What a ship owner need to do to ensure that his ships are not arrested by the claimant

In the case of Torrey canyon incident, the claimant arrested a sister ship of the owners in Singapore. The ship could only be released upon payment of USD 3 millions to the claimants.

This was the times before the CLC convention.

But to take the advantage of CLC convention and to ensure that his ships are not arrested after a pollution incident, a ship owner need to constitute a fund equal to his liability as per CLC convention.

The idea here is that, after the investigation if ship owner is liable to pay the amount equal to his limit of liability, the claimant need not be chasing the ship owners for money.

The money should already be in the possession of the court.

The fund can be constituted by

5. Where the action for compensation can be brought

Again in the case of Torrey Canyon, the pollution resulted in the territorial waters of UK and France. This could be very common situation in the present scenario too.

As per article IX of CLC 92, action can be brought in any of the country that was affected by the pollution.

Article X also states that the judgment given by the court in which action is brought will have to be recognised by other states.

6. Insurance required as per CLC 92

As per article VII of CLC 92, all ships that carry more than 2000 T of oil as cargo need to maintain insurance equal to the ship owner’s liability as per CLC 92.

This certificate is issued by the flag of the ship after the ship owner provides proof of the insurance to the flag.

The insurance cover (proof of insurance) is called the blue card. This blue card need to be provided to the flag along with the application for issuance of this certificate.

The certificate is usually valid for the period of one year from 20th of February of each year.

The CLC certificate also plays one important benefit both for ship owners and the claimant. The claim for the pollution damage can be brought directly against the insurer or person providing the financial security.

Conclusion

Each year close to 11000 Billion ton-mile of oil is transported through sea. Even though oil spill incidents have reduced drastically in recent year, shipping industry need to be ready for all th eventualities.

CLC convention is one such step. It not only defines the liability in case of oil pollution incident but also limits this liability to encourage the oil trade.

The question you may ask is who would pay for the amount spent over and above the ship owner’s liability. This amount is paid under the Fund convention which I will cover in future post.

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About Capt Rajeev Jassal

Capt. Rajeev Jassal has sailed for over 19 years mainly on crude oil, product and chemical tankers. He holds MBA in shipping & Logistics degree from London. He has done extensive research on quantitatively measuring Safety culture onboard and safety climate ashore which he believes is the most important element for safer shipping.

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106 Comments

Happy to hear that Abhimanyu..

Highly commendable, just wonderfully explained, clearly and simpily. This coming from a Lecturer with 17 years experience in teaching in Kolkata and an Ex Dufferin Cadet 1967-69 Batch. Keep it up. Thank you.

So happy to receive a positive comment from you Sir.. Thanks.

i’m grateful for this shared info that is benefits marlaw students

Glad you found it useful Eric..

Crisp & neat content..easy to understand. Thanks a lot

Happy to hear that Karthik..

nice to read all ur blogs for chief engineer exams sir. waiting for fund an supplementary fund as well..

Thank you Basu.. I will write on Fund convention soon..

Your explanation on CLC was quite informative and easy to understand, especially from exam point of view. Waiting eagerly for more on Fund Convention from you.

Thank you Abhishek.. Will write on Fund convention soon..

Gentle reminder on FUND convention explanation.

Thanks Leo..Fund convention is the next topic I am writing on..

sir i have a query, tanker in ballast and pollution is from bunker oil. then weather liablity will be limited as per CLC 92 or as per Bunker convention?.

CLC 69 did not cover bunker oil pollution and pollution from tankers in ballast but the CLC 92 amendments included the pollution from bunker oils and also for tanker in ballast. So yes, CLC 92 would cover bunker oil pollutions too.

If a tanker at ballast spill happened from bunker tank and clc 92 covering oil pollution damages, limitation is according to bunker convention or clc92? pls answer this sir.

very very informative thanks a lot sir

Glad you liked it Laxman..

thanks a lot sir for the information. Is CLC convention applicable for a tanker carrying persistent oil as bunker during her loaded voyage and the pollution is caused by her bunker oil only?

CLC 69 did not cover bunker oil pollution and pollution from tankers in ballast but the CLC 92 amendments included the pollution from bunker oils and also for tanker in ballast. So yes, CLC 92 would cover bunker oil pollutions too.

Good article. had no idea before about clc. plz include marpol and ILL in your future posts

Glad you liked it Vijeesh..

Very nicely explained sir very easy to understand salvage and clc

Happy to hear that Pradeep..

Very helpfull blog. thanx

Glad you found it helpful Ali..

3 years is the normal time frame. 6 years limit is allowed in exceptional circumstances. For example if the impact of an incident is over a longer period.

Sir, first and foremost well explained. my question is in the 3 year normal time period, I being a claimant i have raised a claim, against this ship which has polluted my beach, for a certain amount, and i have used those funds for the clean up operation,now in the 4 year i have realised that the coral reef which i had not noticed before was also damaged, so can i make a claim again? since i’m still falling under the 6 years claim period.

Glad you found it useful Hamoon..

Sir ur blogs are excellent source of information and you have an exceptional talent to explain things in a very simple manner. Plz keep up the gud work for others. Thank you

Glad you liked it Manish.. You guys reading it makes all the efforts worthwhile..

CLC 69 did not cover bunker oil pollution and pollution from tankers in ballast but the CLC 92 amendments included the pollution from bunker oils and also for tanker in ballast. So yes, CLC 92 would cover bunker oil pollutions too.

It is very great article. thnks

bunker spill in usa water limit of liablity pay under what convention

USA have not ratified CLC convention. They have their own regulation (OPA) which requires the ship owners to maintain financial security (COFR) for oil spills in US waters.

Good day sir, kindly advice if as per COFR also P&I will be the insurer for claim settlement and how much is the limit of liability. Thanks for dedicating your time on all of this sir.

Very nicely explained in lame language sir. keep it up ur nyc work.

Glad you liked it Pritam..

beautifully explained. thanks a lot sir

Thank you for being a Reader Sudhansu..

Great explanation sir, Very informative, way of presentation is very impressive, Language is simple and easy to understand, It makes curiosity to learn more and generates interest.

Glad you found it useful Shashi.

Dear Sir, thx a lot for posting such a vital information in simple words, as u always mention that we are not laywers. again thx a lot sir. pls keep posting

Thanks, Ashutosh. Let me know if you want me to cover any other topic.

Captain saab,kindly elaborate. even though clc 92 covers for bunker spill from tanker.Do tankers need to have bunker convention insurance as well?

Yes, because ship may call a country that have ratified bunker convention but not the CLC convention.

Thank you Sir. You a legend

Hi Sir good day I found so important explanation in so simple language Thanks for posting please keep on posting Thanks alot

Glad you found it useful Rajiv.

Very informative. explained in simple way

Glad you found it useful Vimal.

It is excellent to see people willing to give something to the industry by assisting colleagues with ‘to the point information’ and guidance on important matters.

Thanks for your kind words, Petros.

who will pay the compensation for oil pollution damage in the state party region who have not ratified the CLC92 and Fund convention?

In this case, all that a state can do is arrest the ship and go through a legal battle.

Sir excellent articles. All students in my batch are preparing for Masters exam and referring to your blog. Thank you sir.

Glad to hear that Mandeep.

Grt explanation sir. Helping me a lot for preparation of ASM oral

Glad you are finding it useful.

What’s the difference between CLC 92 and Bunker Convention Certificate? For oil tanker who are carrying 5000tonnes of Persistent Oil in bulk as cargo need both Certificate?

Let say oil pollution cause by a tanker in territorial waters, which one can use either CLC or LLMC because LLMC also cover property damage with limitation. I am so confused..

LLMC cover property damage but CLC covers damage to the ecology or damage because of oil pollution. This damage may not be physical damage. Oil pollution damage covers costs in cleaning up, loss due to suspended operations in that area because of oil pollution and loss of income (such as to the fishermen) due to oil pollution. LLMC does not cover the damage because of oil pollution. Article 3 of LLMC convention clearly states that LLMC does not cover the oil pollution damage. Let me know if you still have any confusion about it.

My last ship was an Crude oil tanker registered in Italy, Italy has denounced CLC 69 convention, and has ratified CLC 92 and Bunker conv. But still it had 2 certificates of insurance, both from same insurer, one for CLC 92 and another for Bunker convention. Sir can u please tell why would an owner opt for this option when he is only supposed to have 1 certificate.

thanks for the info. please advice if there is pollution in high seas then who pays for clean up and how?what about pollution(bunker) from gas ships,passenger ships??general cargo ships bunker spills>. fir se confused

Precise and to the point.. Your blogs are wonderful for understanding these too complicated conventions into a layman’s language.. One doubt.. Does the P&I club issues the blue card?

Capt Jassal, good and informative article. My compliments. Keep it up. Regards.

Thank you so much sir..it’s really helpful for us.. Really u r doing a great job. can u plzz upload the information about MLC ACT. Thanks again

Excellent and well explained. Thanks i really appreciate.

If an Indian Registered vessel, insured by an Indian underwriter, causes oil pollution in another country where the insurance company is not recognised, what will happen to the financial security in terms of blue card? Please reply. Thank you sir.

Thank you very much Capt Rajeev. I have never yet in 10yrs at Sea read a more detailed and easy explanation on the subject of CLC. GOD BLESS YOU SIR

Preparing for Chief mate and Topics covered by ur are easy to understand Thank you very much sir

Very informative blog, Hats off to ur hard work..

Can you please explain to me what does SDR means and what it is? Thank you, this is an amazing article and very helpful for my university exams.

Sir oil spill at mid ocean, who is liable for paying compensation. and if spill occurs out side of the area specified in the CLC 69 & Fund 92 and later damage happens to specified limits of sea area which convention will apply

Hi Capt.Rajeev Today I am presenting a small group with CLC and Fund Convention. Must say this post has added positive dimensions to my delivery. Thanks a Lot Capt.Naresh

You are a gem. The way you write things are very much understandable and the best part is..Sometimes people just read the top part and shut the page. But you write the whole blog that creates intrest in the reader. Ur blogs were helpful for my mate orals and now using it for my masters exams also. Thanks God bless you

Excellent explanation. thnx a lot sir. ur articles are easily understood and helpful.

Big salute for you sir. for this lucid explanation.

Thank you for the very precised explanation Sir. It would be much helpful if you could explain to us more in detail on the bunker and wreck CLC as well Sir.

It’s actually a great and useful piece of info. I’m happy that you just shared this useful info with us. Please stay us informed like this. Thanks for Nice Post. how to ship hats

Sir why renewal date is only 20th feb of each year? Is there any specific reason?

Very Nice explanation sir.. Great work.. thnkss a lot for sharing.

Thanks sir. very informative.

Nice post. Appreciate your endeavor for us.

I love the way you write sir even if the subject is boring you make it interresting by adding colourful pictures and explanation. Thanks alott for same

started reading and just kept reading. wonderfully explained. great work sir.

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